TRIP AMONG TWO WORLDS

Third departs

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Paul from the Well Toscanelli was born in Florence in 1397. He studied first to the university in Florence, then to Padua, where it knew the philosopher Nicolò Cusano, a little younger than him; they became a lot of friends so much that their bond lasted the whole life. Paul to the twenty-seven year-old age returned in his/her beloved city, where his/her brother there was Peter. Both practiced the profession of physicians, but Paul was also interested to the mathematics, the astronomy, the geography and the physics, and this conducted him/it in other direction in comparison to his/her/their brother Peter. In that epoch it also came in Italy a German, the astronomer Johann Muller, known with the name of Regiomontano, Martin's Behaim teacher, traveller and author of the 1492 famous world map, and Johann Muller had frequent interviews to Rome with Toscanelli in the years 1461 and 1463. Toscanelli was considered the most famous mathematician of his/her time. In the second halves Four hundred, while from a side they exploded in Europe, and especially in Italy, the economy and the culture, of other side the Turks escaped earths and people to Italy and Europe that with the one and the other one you/they had always been integrated. The taking of Constantinople from the Turks had sent in downfall more than few Venetian, Genoeses and Florentines. Around 1480, it reached among the hands of Christopher Columbus a letter of Toscanelli and him it transcribed her/it: Although a lot of other times I have reasoned some brief walk that is of to Indies here, where the specieries are born, for the street of the sea, which I hold briefer than that that you do for Guinea, you tell me that his/her Height would now like from me some declaration or demonstration so that he intends and says walk can be taken. And it exposed his/her idea as if it dealt with a theorem: Therefore, as ch'io knows to be able this to show her with the sphere in hand and to make her veder as the world is, nevertheless I have deliberated for more facility and greater intelligence dimostrar said walk for a paper, similar to those that do him to sail; and so I send her/it to Your done Majesty and drawn of my hand, in which the whole goal of the west is painted, seizing from Ireland to the austro insino to the until of Guinea, with all the islands that lie in this whole walk: for forehead to which straight for west it lies painted the principle of Indies, with the islands and the places where you can reach: and how much from the arctic pole you are able you discostare for the line equinoziale, and how much space, that is in how many leagues you can reach that fertile places of every fate of specieria and gems and stones preziose…ancora I painted in said paper many places in the parts of India, where you/he/she could be gone, some case of fortune happening, or of contrary winds or anybody else case, that was not waited, that owed to happen. And I approach, to give you full information of that places, which you desire a lot to know, knows that in all those islands they don't live, neither they practise others that merchants; warning you quivi to be so big quantities of ships and sailors with merchandises, as in every other part of the world, especially in an I bring noble called Zaiton, where they load and discaricano every year one hundred big ships of pepper, over the a lot of other ships, that load other specierie. This passage originated from the "Million" of Mark Polo: This country is populated, and I is a lot of provincies and many kingdoms and city without number under the dominion of a called prince the Gran Khan, which name means King of the Kings the residence of which the most greater part of the time is in the province of the Cataio. His/her predecessors desired a lot of possession practice and friendship with the Christians, and I am already dugento years that sent ambassadorial to the top Pontiff begging that he/she sent him many wise and doctors, that taught him our faith; but for the impediments that had said ambassadors, they returned back without arriving to Rome. The reference to the Gran Khan and to his/her empire it was a constant obsession of Christopher Columbus. Toscanelli was still inspired to Mark Polo: And still to Pope Eugenio IV an ambassador came, which told him the great friendship that that principles and their people they have with the Christians: and I longly talked to him of a lot of things and of the greatness of the real factories and the bigness of the rivers in width and in length. And he told me a lot of marvelous things of the crowd of the cities and places that son founded in their shores; and what only in a river dugento cities are found built with bridges of stones of marble, very wide and long, decorated of a lot of columns. This country is worthy so much, how much every anything else other than is found; and not only you he is able trovar huge profit, but he/she anchors gold and silver and precious stones and of every fate of specieria in great quantity, of which it never brings him in these parts of ours. Eugene IV had held up the government of the Church since 1431 to 1447. It sojourned for a long time in Florence, because the Council celebrated you between 1438 and 1443. Finally: From the city of Lisbon for straight toward west they are in said paper 26 spatiis, every de' what it contains dugento and fifty miles up to the noble big city of Quisai, which turns 100 miles and they is 35 leagues; where they are 10 bridges of stone of marmoro. The name of this city means city of the sky, of the qual marvelous things are narrated around the greatness de you strive him, factories, incomes. This spatio is almost the third part of the sphere, this city lies in the province of Mango, near to the province of the Cataio, in which the most greater part of the time the king is. The letter of Toscanelli confirmed to Christopher Columbus that Asia was placed of there from the Atlantic and it was very important, and it had on him a fundamental influence both ethic how scientific.

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Both the monks, developed their functions, sailing some times with big merchant loads, touching various harbors of the French shore, the Tuscan coasts, Corsica and Sardinia. They were on board with experienced men, generally a dozen of salesclerks, but at times also more, that were able to unload the content of the boat in less than thirty minutes. Their duties were alone those to recite the Saint Put in the days of Sunday and to confess the men that applied for it, even if, often Father Armanio, didn't limit him to this: more than once it corrected some errors committed in the calculation of the distances by to complete for to reach determined harbors and it purchased a good fame showing the use of the astrolabe and the quadrant, whose rudiments had learned in Portugal to the men of edge, while monk Carlo, practiced for the more its religious functions. They traveled together only once for a consignment for the family you Spinola. But their destiny, tied up by now to an only thread, it had in Serb other things. To father Armand was offered for his/her qualities, to embark himself/herself/themselves on a big ship directed to Tunigi, with the application to involve the Calabrian monk, and to set sail with the crew. The men had felt to speak of the religious, follower of the Calabrian Saint, with him on the ship, the consignment would have had a greater spiritual support, seen its importance for the people of sea. But them it was recommended not to make word with the sailors of the destination, that you/he/she would have been kept in the dark of the followed journey. The commander of the ship Cristoforo Colombo, was few twenty-year old, but for the ability and the charisma he/she easily knew how to conquer him the trust of the crew. it was him to contact them and to confide that you/he/she would have needed a support on the ship: you/they would have had to let in the sailors that the destination was the Portuguese coasts to believe, and with the help of a magnet every night you/they would have had to divert the direction of the compass, so that to give to intend that you/they were sailing toward west. The order, imparted by the king Renato of Angio, it was that to capture the Spanish galeazza "Fernandina", offshore the coasts of Tunigi, but they refused with vehemence to embark himself/herself/themselves on a ship corsair beside Cristobal (name in Spanish, so father Armanio called him/it), that owed therefore to leave the I bring of Genoa without their support.

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Monk Carlo and Armanio, kept on developing his/her own functions, spending as soon as possible some time together, and the Spaniard, churches to Charles: "Please my brother, call me with my true name, Armand, when this is possible! " Charles had the opportunity of discussing with some sailors, with which you/he/she had interesting discussions, had been fascinating by that world for a long time, you/he/she came to knowledge of the most diffused legends on the sea, that he sometimes heard also from the sailors, during the trips that you/he/she did with his/her father, which you/they told some existence of horrible sea monsters, of deadly eddies, of earths populated by horrendous wild men to see him. Monk Carlo listening to these stories, it realized that big part they derived from a text of the English John Maundeville, that read, for pure case, in a library in Genoa, which had described the mysterious kingdom of Presbiter Johannes: it narrated some legend of a kingdom governed by a certain "Priest Gianni", been born in 1165, when the Byzantine emperor Manuele received a letter in which the ever identified sovereign offered his/her services and it described the Christian kingdom beyond the sea. In the meantime also father Armand was reported during a trip, of a recovery served as the crew of a ship that the coasts of Morocco had reached, overcoming the Columns of Ercole and directing himself/herself/itself toward south. Inside a level region near the mouth of a river, perhaps identified, with the ancient Phoenician city Thymiaterion, founded by Annone the Navigator in the century V to. Cs, rose note, the rests of an erect temple in that period. From the study of the few legible registrations you/he/she was still deduced by the researchers of edge that it dealt with an elevated construction to the God Baal Berith. Inside a small ravine of the ground, the sailors richly found a big quantity of decorated amphoras, the most greater part of them brought representations of warriors and registrations in Greek characters. The presence in Phoenician earth of Greek china was justified by the fact that there had probably been contacts and commercial exchanges among the two people in the antiquity, particularly, an amphora brought the confinements of some earths among which the sailors had recognized the Spanish coasts and nordafricane. To the left, a little anymore to south of a group of islands, on a vast earth the image of a man appeared crowned that it emerged from the waters holding up a trident. Only five characters were still visible, TALAS, but so many were enough for identifying him/it with Poseidone, the god of the sea, that the Greek expressed with the sintagma TALASSAS TEOS. To the left of the pagan god, the image of a lion that rode a sun projecting a lengthened shade appeared. Father Armand told his/her interlocutors: "You listen… I am very interested to any documentation that draws of west earths of the European continent." A Venetian merchant, that told him to have found again a registration that would have been able to interest him.